中国临床心理学杂志

压力应对人格的结构与测量

作者：陈建文¹ 王滔² 郭楠¹

单位：1. 华中科技大学教育科学研究院湖北武汉430074
2. 西南大学教育科学研究所重庆400715

分类号：B841.7

出版年,卷(期):页码：2008,16(5):452-455

摘要：

目的：探讨压力应对人格的结构。方法：采用理论文献分析的方法，建构压力应对人格的7因素结构模型，据此采用筛选现成问卷的题项和自编题项结合的方法，编制56个题项的初始问卷，然后调查1630名大学生，其中496名同时完成压力应对人格量表和压力应对方式量表，103名间隔28天后重测。结果：正式问卷由34个题项构成，包括灵活性、自信、乐观、进取和自我控制5个因素。重测信度为0.603～0.876，Cronbach’s α系数为0.683～0.829，验证性因素表明结构效度良好，与压力应对方式的相关分析也显示有较好的效标效度。结论：压力应对人格正式问卷具有较好的信、效度，压力应对人格结构的5因素模型比7因素模型具有更好结构效度。

Objective:To research structure of stress coping personality.Methods:Based upon the route of the analysis?of research literatures,7-factor structure of stress coping personality (SCP) was constructed.Accordingly,56-item primary?scale of SCP was developed by the method of choosing items from the ready-made scale and developing items by?ourselves,and then,1630 college students were surveyed with 496 students taking the scale of SCP and the Coping Scale,and 103 students re-tested after 28 days.Results:The formal Scale of SCP consisted of 34 items and 5 factors,including?flexibility,self-confidence,optimism,enterprise and self-control.The test-retest reliability ranged from 0.603~0.876,and?Cronbach’s α from 0.683~0.829.There was good structure validity by confirmatory factor analyses and good criterion validity?by r coefficient between SCP and the stress coping style.Conclusion:The scale of SCP has satisfactory reliability?and validity,and 5-factor structure of SCP has better construct validity than 7-factor structure.

基金项目：

教育部人文社会科学研究资助项目(05JAXLX008)

作者简介：

参考文献：

[1] Kobasa SC,Maddi SR,Kahn S.Hardiness and health: A prospective study.Journal of Personality and Social Psy-chology,1982,42:168-177
[2] 沈德立,梁宝勇.中国大学生心理健康教育创新体系的构建.心理科学,2006,29(6):1282-1286
[3] 崔红,王登峰.中国人的人格与心理健康.心理科学进展,2007,15(2):234-240
[4] 马斯洛,许金声,等译.动机与人格.北京:华夏出版社,1987.151-173
[5] Costantini A,Solano L,DiNapoli R,Bosco A.Relationship between hardiness and risk of burnout in a sample of nurses working in oncology and AIDS wards.Psychotherapy Psychosomatic,1997,66:78-82
[6] Lee HJ.Analysis of a concept: Hardiness.Oncol Nurs Forum,1983,10:32-35
[7] Jan Strelau,郝学芹,译.气质类型可以作为极端应激情况下行为适应不良的预期:一项关于波兰的自然灾害的研究.见:荆其诚主编.当代国际心理科学进展.上海:华东师范大学出版社,2006.657-674
[8] Emmons RA.The personal striving approach to personality.In L A Pervin.Goal concepts in personality and social psychology.Hillsdale,NJ: Erlbaum,1989.87-126
[9] 纳森·布朗,陈浩莺,等译.自我.北京:人民邮电出版社,2004.183-191
[10] Schwarzar R,Bbenicio G,石林,译.健康心理学.In Pawlik K,Rosenzeig MR.张厚粲主译.国际心理学手册,上海:华东师范大学出版社,2002.641-659
[11] Rothbaum F,Waisz JR,Snyder SS.Changing the world and changing the self: A two-process model of perceived control.Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1982,42:5-37
[12] Lazarus RS,Folkman S.Stress,appraisal,and coping.New York: Springer,1984
[13] Bandura A.Self-efficacy mechanisms in human agency.American Psychologist,1982,122:122-147
[14] Rotter JB.External control and internal control.Psychology Today,1971,5:37-42
[15] Scheier MF,Carver CS.Optimism,coping,and health: Assessment and implications of generalized outcome ex-pectancies.Health Psychology,1985,4:219-247
[16] Block J.Studying personality the long way.In DC Funer,RD Parke,C Tomlinson-Keasey,K Widaman.Studying lives through time.Washington,DC: American Psychological Association,1993.9-41
[17] Richardson GE.The metatheory of resilience and resiliency.Journal of Clinical Psychology,2002,58(3):307-321
[18] Schwazer R,Babler J,Kwiatek P,et al.The assessment of optimistic self-beliefs: Comparison of the German,Spanish,and Chinese version of the general self-efficacy scale.Applied Psychology: An international Review,1997,46(1):69-88
[19] 谢晓非.成就动机?冒险倾向与控制源.北京大学学报(自然科学版),2002,38(3):413-420
[20] 袁莉敏,张日昇,赵会春,等.大学生乐观与心理幸福感的关系.中国临床心理学杂志,2006,14(6):644-658
[21] 王登峰.中国大学生人格量表的编制.心理与行为研究,2005,3(2):88-94
[22] David WC.Dimensionality of hardiness and its role in the stree-distree relationship among Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong.Journal of Youth and Adolescence,2000,29(2):147-161
[23] 汪向东,王希林,马弘,等.心理卫生评定量表手册(增订版).北京:中国心理卫生杂志社,1999.109-115
[24] 王登峰,崔红.解读中国人的人格.北京:社会科学文献出版社,2005.202-216

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】