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目的：调查农村地区受到艾滋病影响的儿童包括双孤儿童、单孤儿童和非孤儿童的生理、心理健康状况和存在的问题行为,考察不同类别和安置方式儿童在生理、心理和问题行为上的差异。方法：在艾滋病高流行地区选取双孤儿童、单孤儿童和非孤儿童1221名,以行政村和孤儿院为单位随机或整群取样。采取问卷调查的方式了解他们的生理、心理健康状况和存在的问题行为。结果：受到艾滋病影响的儿童存在一定的生理、心理健康问题和问题行为。不同类别儿童中,双孤儿童的生理健康状况最好,而问题行为最多,心理健康各有高低;不同安置方式中,孤儿院安置儿童也是生理健康状况最好,问题行为最多,而心理健康上只在自尊上存在显著差异。结论：孤儿院对孤儿的抚养使孤儿在生理健康上有很大的提高,但应加强问题行为和心理方面的健康教育和干预。
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Objective:The current study aimed to investigate the physical,psychological health and problem behavior among children affected by HIV/AIDS(Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)in rural areas,and explore the difference among three groups and two kinds of care arrangements.Methods:1221 participants were recruited from two rural areas in central China based on villages and orphanages.Participants were double AIDS orphans,single AIDS orphans and affected children who were taken care of by family and orphanage.They were asked to finish measurements regarding physical,psychological health and problem behavior.Chi-square and ANOVA were used to analyse the data.Results:Totally,children affected by HIV/AIDS had some problems in physical,psychological health and behavior.For different group children,double AIDS orphans had much better physical health,but had much problem behavior.And for different care arrangements,participants who live in orphanage had much better physical health,but also had much problem behavior.Psychological health was complicated in different groups and care arrangements.Conclusion:Orphanages take care of the children,so the children' physical condition was greatly improved,but the problem behavior and psychological health were needed to be intervened.
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