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目的:探讨中华成人智力量表事前智商的估计方法。方法:中华成人智力量表(ISCA)标准化样本被随机分成人数大致相等的两组,分别用于建立智商估计公式和效度检验。公式建立经由一系列以全量表智商为因变量、保持测验成绩和人口统计学变量为自变量的分层线性回归而实现,效度检验时比较估计值和实际值的分布、平均数差异、相关性和等级一致程度。结果:两组的人口统计学特征和测验成绩无显著差异。十个估计公式调整R2为38.3%-86.6%,估计标准误为11.84-5.47。估计智商平均数与实际智商无显著差异,全距较实际智商有程度不同的缩窄。估计值与实际值相关系数为0.62-0.93,相同等级比率为49.9%-67.8%。联合分测验成绩能大幅提高估计效度,增加联合的分测验项数能提高估计精确度,但项目的平均贡献下降。结论:基于ISCA常模数据建立了10个ISCA智商的估计公式,在正常成人中使用具有满意的估计效度。
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Objective: To explore estimating IQ of the Intelligence Scale for Chinese Adult(ISCA).Methods: Standardized sample of the ISCA(n=2035) was roughly equally divided,at random,into two groups,one for development of the estimating formulae and the other for validation.A series of hierarchical linear regression analyses were carried out to develop formulae for estimating intelligence quotient.In the procedure,demographic variables,including age,education,gender,vocation,ethnicity and region of the country,as well as performance of 'hold' subtests were predictors.To validate those formulae,comparison between the estimated IQ's and actual IQ's were executed.Results: There was no significant difference between the demographic characteristics and test scores of the two groups.Ten estimating formulae were developed,of which adjusted R2 was 38.3%-86.6%,estimating standard error was 11.84-5.47.There was no significant difference between the mean of estimated IQ's and actual IQ's,while ranges of estimated IQ's were more limited than those of actual IQ's in different measures.Estimated and actual values showed high correlation of 0.62-0.93 and shared same IQ grades at ratio of 49.9%-67.8%.Estimation of combining performance of subtest and demographic variables showed more satisfactory validitied than that of demographic variables simply.However,the more subtests employed,the less each subtest contribute.Conclusion: Based on the data of the ISCA standardization sample,ten ISCA IQ estimating formulae were developed,they all show satisfied validity of estimation in intact adults.
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