中国临床心理学杂志

人格障碍倾向大学生的自尊异质性研究

作者：金莹卢宁

分类号：R395.14

出版年,卷(期):页码：2013,21(3):422-425

摘要：

目的:从防御自尊、条件自尊、不稳定自尊三方面比较人格障碍倾向大学生与人格障碍筛查阴性大学生的自尊结构特点。方法:通过人格障碍筛查问卷(PDQC-2)从深圳某大学820名本科生中筛查人格障碍倾向个体,同时采用Rosenberg自尊量表(RSES)、社会期望量表(MCSD)、不稳定自尊量表(ISES)、条件自尊量表(CSES)测量其各型自尊,并通过内隐联想测验(IAT)考查内隐自尊。结果:①各自尊之间均存在不同程度的显著相关,内隐自尊除外(P>0.05);②低外显自尊组:内隐自尊与条件自尊显著正相关(r=0.682,P<0.05),与不稳定自尊正相关边缘显著(r=0.531,P=0.076);高外显自尊组:内隐自尊与条件自尊负相关边缘显著(r=-0.481,P=0.069),与不稳定自尊无显著相关(P>0.05);防御自尊与内隐自尊无显著相关(P>0.05);③人格障碍倾向组外显自尊及防御自尊低于阴性组,而条件自尊和不稳定自尊高于阴性组,差异均显著(P<0.05);具有高外显自尊特点的人格障碍倾向组与阴性组在条件自尊上有显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:①各自尊变量呈不同程度的显著相关但较低,外显自尊与内隐自尊是两个相互独立的评价系统,内隐自尊调节外显自尊与条件自尊、不稳定自尊之间的关系;②人格障碍倾向大学生的自尊较低且脆弱,阴性组大学生的自尊较高并相对稳定,高条件自尊是人格障碍倾向大学生的典型特点。

Objective: To explore the relationship between different forms of self-esteem(SE) and compare the feature of SE structure in students with personality disorders(PDs) with normal students by defensive SE, contingent SE and unstable SE. Methods: PDQC-2 was administered to a sample which consisted of 820 students to screen PDs, and the feature of SE structure was examined by RSES, MCSD, CSES and ISES. Then, the feature of implicit SE was explored by IAT. Results: ①Forms of SE was significantly related to each other except implicit SE. ②Group with low explicit SE: implicit SE was positively significantly related with contingent and unstable SE. Group with high explicit SE: implicit SE was negatively significantly related to contingent SE but no significant correlation with unstable and defensive SE. ③Scores of explicit and defensive SE in students with PDs were lower than in normal students but the other way round in contingent and unstable SE. There were significant difference in contingent SE between PDs and the normal with the high explicit SE. Conclusion: ①The four forms of SE are significantly related with each other but the coefficients are low, and this research supports the view that implicit and explicit SE are distinct mental structure and implicit SE moderate the relation between explicit SE and contingent SE or unstable SE. ②The SE is low and fragile in students with tendency of PDs, and high contingent SE is the typical characteristics of them.

基金项目：

广东省教育科研“十一五”规划研究项目(06TJZ003);深圳市科技计划项目(200627);深圳大学校级科研项目(4LN)

作者简介：

参考文献：

1 凌辉，张建人，等. 大学生人格障碍症状水平与家庭环境的相关研究. 中国临床心理学杂志，2008，16(6): 652-653
2 张建人，凌辉，等. 大学生人格障碍症状水平与父母教养方式的相关研究. 中国临床心理学杂志，2008，16(5): 519-521
3 Richard PB, Rhiannon C, Robert H, et al. Persecutorydelusions: A review and theoretical integration. ClinicalPsychology Review, 2001, 21: 1143-1192
4 Christian HJ, Steven JS, et al. Secure and defensive highself-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,2003, 85(5): 969-978
5 Aline V, Michela Schröder-Abé, et al. Discrepancies be tween explicit and implicit self-esteem are linked to symptom severity in borderline personality disorder. Journal ofBehavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 2010, 41:357-364
6 Michael HK. Toward a conceptualization of optimal self esteem. Psychological Inquiry, 2003, 14(1): 1-26
7 卢宁，刘协和，等. CCMD-2-R 诊断标准的人格障碍检测工具的编制及其信效度检验. 中国心理卫生杂志，2001，15(2): 133-136
8 汪向东. 心理卫生评定量表手册（增订版）. 北京: 中国心理卫生杂志社，1999
9 Henri C, Am élie R, Stacey C. Preliminary results of a scaleassessing instability of self-esteem. Canadian Journal ofBehavioural Science, 2006, 38(2): 136-141
10 Anthony GG, Shelly DF. Using the implicit association testto measure self-esteem and self-concept. Journal of Per sonality and Social Psychology, 2000, 79(6): 1022-1038
11 蔡华俭. 内隐自尊效应及内隐自尊与外显自尊的关系. 心理学报，2003，35(6): 796-801
12 杨福义，梁建宁. 内隐自尊与外显自尊的关系: 多重内隐测量的视角. 心理科学，2007，30(4): 785-790
13 Michael HK, David PC, et al. There' s more to self-esteemthan whether it is high or low: The importance of stabilityof self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,1993, 65(6): 1190-1204
14 杨晓慧，张林. 高自尊的异质性对社会心理健康的影响. 宁波大学学报，2011，24(2): 129-132
15 Virgil Zeigler-Hill, Jennifer A. Borderline personality features: Instability of self-esteem and affect. Journal of Socialand Clinical Psychology, 2006, 25(6): 668-687
16 吴明证，梁宁建，等. 自尊水平与自尊稳定性的关系: 完美主义的中介作用. 应用心理学，2008，14(4): 324-329
17 潘益中，许燕. 脆弱高自尊在自我威胁后的归因与情绪转换. 心理科学，2011，34(1): 166-171
18 David CW. The relationship of self-esteem, locus of control,and dimensional models to personality disorders. Journal ofSocial Behavior and Personality, 1998, 13(3): 399-420
19 Todd BK, Gitendra U, et al. Fragile self-esteem and affective instability in posttraumatic stress disorder. BehaviourResearch and Therapy, 2006, 44: 1609-1619
20 Jessica LT, Richard WR. “Death of a (narcissistic) sales man:” An integrative model of fragile self-esteem. Psychological Inquiry, 2003, 14: 57-62
21 Christina S, Ari K, Leena K, et al. Self-evaluated self esteem, peer-evaluated self-esteem, and defensive egotismas predictors of adolescents' participation in bullying situations. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 1999, 25(10): 1268-1278

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】