中国临床心理学杂志

Rural Physicians'Awareness and Attitudes Towards Mental Disorder and Mental Patients

作者：WANG Hui-ying YANG Fang-ru ZHANG Jie LIU Hai-hong

单位：1. Mental Health Center of Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha 410008 China 2. School of Public Health Center for Suicide Prevention Research Shandong University Jinan 250012 China 3. State University of New York Buffalo State Department of Sociology Buffalo NY 14222 USA

分类号：R395.6

出版年,卷(期):页码：2018,26(1):105-112

摘要：

目的：本文旨在调查乡镇医生对于精神病知识的知晓程度以及他们对于精神病人的态度，并分析与两者相关的关键因素。方法：采用精神疾病知识调查问卷（MHKQ）、病例分析问卷（CAQ）以及态度调查问卷（APMDQ）对340名湖南省乡镇医生进行调查。结果：知识调查问卷的正确率为74.1%，平均误诊率为41.8%，对精神病人的歧视率为64.5%。其中乡镇医生对精神病患者的社会距离歧视程度比对精神病患者能力低估的歧视更为严重。结论：乡镇医生对精神卫生知识知晓率较低，对精神疾病误诊率高，并对精神病患者存在歧视。

Objective:This study was designed to understand the extent to which township physicians were aware of pa-tients'mental disorders and the physicians'attitudes towards mental disorders, and to analyze the key factors related to the awareness and attitudes. Methods:There were 340 township physicians in Hunan Province participating in this research, who completed the Mental Health Knowledge Questionnaire(MHKQ), the Case Assessment Questionnaire(CAQ), and the At-titude towards Patients with Mental Disorder Questionnaire(APMDQ). Results:The correct-response rate to mental health knowledge questionnaire was 74.1%, and the average of misdiagnosis rate was 41.8%. In terms of stigmatizing attitude, the stigma rate was 64.5%, and the degree of stigma of social distance was even more severe than the stigma of underestimation of patients'ability. Conclusion:The township physicians have a relatively low level of mental health knowledge and are in-clined to make erroneous diagnosis about mental disorder. Besides, most physicians have biased attitudes towards patients with a mental disorder.

基金项目：

本研究基金来源为湖南省卫生厅（编号C2014-004）

作者简介：

参考文献：

Alexander C, Fraser J. General practitioners'management of patients with mental health conditions:the views of general practitioners working in rural north-western New South Wales. Aust J Rural Health, 2008, 16(6):363-369
An J, Zhang YL, Li XY, et al. The current condition of mental health services in genenral hospital in Beijing. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 2013, 27(2):87-92
Arvaniti A, Samakouri M, Kalamara E, et al. Health service staff's attitudes towards patients with mental illness. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatrical Epidemiology, 2009, 44(8):658-665
Carey M, Jones K, Meadows G, et al. Accuracy of general practitioner unassisted detection of depression. Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 2014, 48(6):571-578
Chen DN, Liu L, Zhang D, Li J, Li YM. Impact of social support on quality of life and rehabilitation in patients with schizophrenia. Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology, 2017, 24(1):185-187
Deng XL, Zhang J, Su HY, et al. The investigation of mental health literacy among general practitioners in Bao' an, Shenzhen. Practital Preventive Medicine, 2014, 31(6):750-752
Gaebel W, Zaske H, Zielasek J, et al. Stigmatization of psychiatrists and general practitioners:results of an international survey. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci, 2015, 265(3):189-197
Gras LM, Swart M, Slooff CJ, et al. Differential stigmatizing attitudes of healthcare professionals towards psychiatry and patients with mental health problems:something to worry about? A pilot study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 2015, 50(2):299-306
Gulliver A, Griffiths KM, Christensen H. Perceived barriers and facilitators to mental health help-seeking in young people:a systematic review. BMC Psychiatry, 2010, 30(10):103
He YL, Zhang L, Liu ZN, et al. Prevalence of Anxiety Disorder among Outpatients in General Hospital. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 2012, 25(3):165-170
China Ministry od Health. Mental Health Indicator Survey/Assessment Protocol. http://www.gov.cn/gzdt/2010-03/08/content_1550552.htm. Assessed November 11, 2011 from China Ministry of Health Henderson C, Noblett J, Parke H, et al. Mental health-related stigma in health care and mental health-care settings. Lancet Psychiatry, 2014, 1(6):467-482
Hu HY, Yan YZ, Chen LM, et al. Mental health literacy and attitude toward mental disorder of urban and rural citizens in Guangzhou. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 2012, 26(1):30-35
Insel T. The Global Cost of Mental Illness, 2011
Lam TP, Lam KF, Lam EW, Ku YS. Attitudes of primary care physicians towards patients with mental illness in Hong Kong. Asia Pac Psychiatry, 2013, 5(1):E19-28
Li X, Zhang W, Lin Y, et al. Pathways to psychiatric care of patients from rural regions:a general-hospital-based study. Int J Soc Psychiatry, 2014, 60(3):280-289
Liang XP, Zhu XJ, Liu T, et al. The investigation of mental health literacy of citizens in Xi' an. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 2011, 19(10):1200-1202
Mitchell AJ, Rao S, Vaze A. Can general practitioners identify people with distress and mild depression? A meta-analysis of clinical accuracy. Journal of Affective Disorder, 2011, 130(1-2):26-36
Peng Y, Wang XL, Li MF, Liu K. Mental health literacy in Changsha, China. Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry, 2011, 23(6):353-359
Reavley NJ, Jorm AF. Recognition of mental disorders and beliefs about treatment and outcome:findings from an Australian national survey of mental health literacy and stigma. Australian And New Zealand Journal Of Psychiatry, 2011, 45(11):947-956
Reavley NJ, Mackinnon AJ, Morgan AJ, Jorm AF. Stigmatising attitudes towards people with mental disorders:a comparison of Australian health professionals with the general community. Australian And New Zealand Journal Of Psychiatry, 2014, 48(5):433-441
Rosemarin Kobau MMZ, Ceicily Luncheon, John P Barile, Chris Marshall, Thomas Bornemann, Emeline otey, Robin K Davis, Lucas Godoy Garraza, Christine Walrath, Ron Manderscheid, Rebecca G Palpant, Diana S Morales. Atitude Toward Mental Illness. http://www.cdc.gov/hrqol/Mental_Health_Reports/pdf/BRFSS_Full%20Report.pdf: Centers for Disease Control
Schomerus G, Van der Auwera S, Matschinger H, et al. Do attitudes towards persons with mental illness worsen during the course of life? An age-period-cohort analysis. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 2015, 132(5):357-364
Scott D, Burke K, Williams S, et al. Increased prevalence of chronic physical health disorders in Australians with diagnosed mental illness. Australian And New Zealand Journal Of Public Health, 2012, 36(5):483-486
Serafini G, Pompili M, Haghighat R, et al. Stigmatization of schizophrenia as perceived by nurses, medical doctors, medical students and patients. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs, 2011, 18(7):576-585
Stuber JP, Rocha A, Christian A, Link BG. Conceptions of Mental Illness:Attitudes of Mental Health Professionals and the General Public. Psychiatric Services, 2014, 65(4):490-497
Susman JL, Crabtree BF, Essink G. Depression in rural family practice. Easy to recognize, difficult to diagnose. Arch Fam Med, 1995, 4(5):427-431
Tian M, Zhang Y, Bai Z, et al. Mental health literacy of urban and rural citizens Chinese Mental Health Journal, 2011, 16(2):144-146
Wang JY, He YL, Jiang Q, et al. Mental health literacy in Shanghai, China. Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry, 2013, 25(4):224-235
Xi YJ, Zhou B, Liu W, et al. Mental health literacy among undergraduates in Beijing. Chinese Journal of Health Education, 2014, 30(7):980-983
Yan F, Li WX, Jin WG, et al. Mental health literacy and attitude toward mental disorder among undergraduates in Beijing. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 2013, 21(6):822-825
Zhang GF, Zhao J, Rao SZ, Shen WL. The investigation of mental health literacy among 2345 medical staff in genenral hospital Shanghai Archives of Psychiatry, 2005, 17(S1):19-20
Zhang HW. The investigation of mental health literacy, attitude and addressment toward mental disorder Chinese Mental Health Journal, 2011, 19(11):1307-1309
Zhang P, Zhao YN, Liu HJ, et al. The investigation on mental health literacy and attitude towards mental disorder in residents of rural Hebei. Chinese Health Service Management, 2013, 12(10):777-780
Zhong BL, Chen HH, Xiao SY, et al. Reliability abd validity of mental health knowledge questionnaire for middle school students. Chinese Journal of School Health, 2011, 32(1):49-50

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】