中国临床心理学杂志

自悯信书写对年轻女性客体化身体意识的作用

作者：李燕娟王雨吟

单位：中山大学心理学系广州 510006

分类号：R395.5

出版年,卷(期):页码：2018,26(1):179-183

摘要：

目的：本研究旨在探讨自悯信书写干预对年轻女性的客体化身体意识（身体监视、身体羞耻感）及其幸福感的影响。方法：通过网络招募年轻女性92名，将其分为自悯信书写组（实验组）、书写控制组和无任务控制组。仅实验组和书写控制组需要根据相应指导语完成书写任务，采用自悯量表、自尊量表、客体化身体意识量表和幸福感量表进行前测和后测。结果：相比于两个控制组，实验组的自悯水平显著提高，身体羞耻感显著降低。幸福感和身体监视的变化不存在显著的组间差异，但实验组的后测幸福感水平有显著提高。结论：一周的自悯信书写干预可以有效提高年轻女性的自悯水平，减少其身体羞耻感，有提高幸福感的趋势，但无法减少身体监视。

Objective:To examine the effect of self-compassion writing on objectified body consciousness(OBC) and well-being in Chinese young women. Methods:Young women were recruited through Internet and then assigned into one of the following three conditions:self-compassion writing(experimental), writing control and no-task control condition. Selfcompassion, self-esteem, OBC and well-being were assessed before and after the completion of the writing activity. For both experimental and writing control group, during one week, participants needed to write a letter about a negative event that had happened recently every day. However, only participants in the experimental condition were instructed to think and write in a self-compassionate way. Participants in the no-task control condition only needed to finish the pre-and posttest without any writing activity. Results:Compared to the two control groups, participants in the experimental condition ex-perienced significantly greater gains in self-compassion and greater reduction in body shame. No significant group differ-ences were found in body surveillance and well-being. However, participants in the experimental condition reported signifi-cantly more well-being in the post-test than the pre-test. Conclusion:The findings suggest that self-compassion writing may be a useful and cost-effective means of improving young women's self-compassion, mitigating their body shame. Be-sides, it also has the tendency to improve young women's well-being.

基金项目：

教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目（16YJC-ZH107）

作者简介：

参考文献：

1 Fredrickson BL, Roberts T. Objectification theory. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 1997, 21(2):173-206
2 Moradi B, Huang YP. Objectification theory and psychology of women:a decade of advances and future directions. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 2008, 32(4):377-398
3 Mckinley NM, Hyde JS. The objectified body consciousness scale:development and validation. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 1996, 20(2):181-215
4 Liss M, Erchull MJ. Not hating what you see:Self-compassion may protect against negative mental health variables connected to self-objectification in college women. Body Image, 2015, 14:5-12
5 Jackson T, Chen H. Predictors of cosmetic surgery consideration among young Chinese women and men. Sex Roles, 2015, 73(5):214-230
6 Jackson T, Zheng P, Chen H. Features of objectified body consciousness and sociocultural perspectives as predictors of eating and body image disturbances among young women and men in China. Journal of Gender Studies, 2016, 308(5):1-14
7 杨蕾, 徐华女. 客体化媒体信息对女性自我客体化和身体羞耻感的影响. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2016, 24(5):788-794
8 郑盼盼. Structure and validity of the objectified body consciousness scale among emerging adult women and men in China. 西南大学, 2015
9 Mercurio AE, Landry LJ. Self-objectification and wellbeing:the impact of self-objectification on women's overall sense of self-worth and life satisfaction. Sex Roles, 2008, 58 (7):458-466
10 曹国光, 蒋光玉. 客观化身体意识对女性大学生幸福感的影响. 心理学进展, 2016, 6(3):215-220
11 Neff KD. Self-Compassion:an alternative conceptualization of a healthy attitude toward oneself. Self & Identity, 2003a, 2 (2):85-101
12 Wei M, Liao YH, Ku TY, et al. Attachment, self-compassion, empathy, and subjective well-being among college students and community adults. Journal of Personality, 2011, 79(1):191
13 Lisa M. Yarnell, Kristin D. Neff. Self-compassion, interpersonal conflict resolutions, and well-being. Self & Identity, 2012, 12(2):1-14
14 Michelle E. Neely, Diane L. Schallert, Sarojanni S. Mohammed, et al. Self-kindness when facing stress:The role of self-compassion, goal regulation, and support in college students'well-being. Motivation and Emotion, 2009, 33(1):88-97
15 Mosewich AD, Kowalski KC, Sabiston CM, et al. Selfcompassion:a potential resource for young women athletes. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 2011, 33(1):103-123
16 Daye CA, Webb JB, Jafari N. Exploring self-compassion as a refuge against recalling the body-related shaming of caregiver eating messages on dimensions of objectified body consciousness in college women. Body Image, 2014, 11(4):547-556
17 Wasylkiw L, Mackinnon AL, Maclellan AM. Exploring the link between self-compassion and body image in university women. Body Image, 2012, 9(2):236-245
18 Hilbert A, Braehler E, Schmidt R, et al. Self-Compassion as a resource in the self-Stigma process of overweight and obese individuals. Obesity Facts, 2015, 8(5):293
19 Albertson ER, Neff KD, Dill-Shackleford KE. Self-compassion and body dissatisfaction in women:a randomized controlled trial of a brief meditation intervention. Mindfulness, 2015, 6(3):444-454
20 Leah B. Shapira, Myriam Mongrain. The benefits of selfcompassion and optimism exercises for individuals vulnerable to depression. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 2010, 5(5):377-389
21 Wong CCY, Mak WWS. Writing can heal:Effects of selfcompassion writing among Hong Kong Chinese college students. Asian American Journal of Psychology, 2016
22 Connors J, Casey P. Sex, body-esteem and self-esteem. Psychological Reports, 2006, 98(3):699-704
23 Schoenefeld SJ, Webb JB. Self-compassion and intuitive eating in college women:examining the contributions of distress tolerance and body image acceptance and action. Eating Behaviors, 2013, 14(4):493-496
24 Kristin D. Neff. The development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. Self & Identity, 2003b, 2(3):223-250
25 陈健, 燕良轼, 周丽华. 中文版自悯量表的信效度研究. 中国临床心理学杂志, 2011, 19(6):734-736
26 王孟成, 戴晓阳, 吴燕. 中文 Rosenberg自尊量表的心理测量学研究. 全国教育与心理统计与测量学术年会暨海峡两岸心理与教育测验学术研讨会, 2008
27 汪向东, 王希林, 马宏. 心理卫生评定量表手册. 北京:中国心理卫生杂志社, 1999. 82-83, 122-124
28 Leary MR, Tate EB, Adams CE, et al. Self-compassion and reactions to unpleasant self-relevant events:the implications of treating oneself kindly. Journal of Personality & Social Psychology, 2007, 92(5):887
29 Cox AE, Ullrichfrench S, Cole AN, et al. The role of state mindfulness during yoga in predicting self-objectification and reasons for exercise. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 2016. 321-327

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】