中国临床心理学杂志

家庭处境不利与留守儿童心理适应:心理资本的中介

作者：范兴华简晶萍陈锋菊于梦娇周妍谌俏

分类号：R395.6

出版年,卷(期):页码：2018,26(2):353-357

摘要：

目的：探讨留守儿童心理资本在家庭处境不利与心理适应(抑郁、孤独感、生活满意度、主观活力)之间的中介作用及其留守类型差异。方法：采用问卷法对272名父亲外出儿童、371名双亲外出儿童进行入户调查，并采用结构方程模型对变量关系进行考察。结果：家庭处境不利对两类留守儿童的心理适应均有显著负向预测效应(γ=-0.63/-0.64，P<0.001)，心理资本对此均起部分中介作用；留守类型调节了中介作用的后半条路径，心理资本对父亲外出儿童的中介效应明显超过双亲外出儿童(-0.45 vs.-0.24)。结论：家庭处境不利是留守儿童心理适应的近侧危险因素，既可直接阻碍其心理的适应，也会通过减损心理资本来抑制心理的健康发展。

Objective:To explore the mediating role of psychological capital between family adversity and psychological adjustment(depression, loneliness, life satisfaction and subjective vitality) in rural children left behind by both of their ru-ral-to-urban migrant parents compared to those with only a migrating father. Methods:272 father-only-migrating chil-dren and 371 two-parent-migrating children were recruited to fill in a self-reported questionnaire in their own family. Structural equation model was applied to investigate the relations among the variables. Results:①Family adversity was negatively associated to psychological adjustment, which was partially mediated by psychological capital for both father-on-ly-migration group and two-parent-migration group. ②Type of left-behind moderated the positive effect of psychological capital on psychological adaptation with the mediation effect being -0.45 for father-only-migrating children and -0.24 for two-parent-migrating children respectively. Conclusion:Family adversity is an important proximal risk factor for left-be-hind children's psychological adjustment. Family adversity not only has directly adverse effect on children's psychological adjustment, but also indirectly impacts the children's psychological adaptation by undermining their psychological capital.

基金项目：

国家社科基金项目“积极心理学视角下的农村留守儿童心理资本研究”（13BSH064）资助

作者简介：

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