中国临床心理学杂志

不同戒断期药物成瘾者注意控制能力的ERP研究

单位：1. 北京师范大学中国基础教育质量监测协同创新中心北京 100875 2. 南京大学社会学院心理学系南京 210023 3. 北京师范大学心理学院应用实验心理北京市重点实验室北京 100875 4. 认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验室(北京师范大学) 北京 100875 5. 北京师范大学情绪调节研究中心北京 100875 6. 北京市天堂河戒毒康复所北京 102609

关键词：药物成瘾|戒断期|注意控制|Flanker|N200

分类号：R395.1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2017,25(1):6-11

摘要：

目的：本研究采用刺激反应协同性任务（Flanker）考察不同戒断时长的药物成瘾者注意控制能力的损伤与恢复情况（短期戒断组：平均戒断2.43个月；长期戒断组：平均戒断47.74个月）；方法：实验中要求药物戒断者与正常控制组完成颜色Flanker任务，判断三张同时呈现的图片中中间面孔的颜色与两侧面孔的颜色是否一致。结果：行为结果发现，三组被试对颜色非协同任务的反应时，都显著长于颜色协同任务的反应时，出现了显著的颜色协同效应。脑电结果发现，正常对照组的颜色N200效应在额区的三个电极点Fz、FCz、Cz均显著，长期戒断组与正常对照组相比，颜色N200效应出现在Fz、FCz两个电极点，然而短期戒断组颜色N200效应在三个电极位置均消失。结论：本研究结果说明，长期药物成瘾会造成个体注意控制能力的损伤，表现为短期戒断组颜色N200效应的消失。戒断4年后，长期戒断组注意控制能力基本恢复至正常水平。

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the impairment and recovery of attentional control in abstainers with different abstinent-terms (the short-term abstinence group:mean=2.43 months; the long-term abstinence group:mean=47.74 months), with the stimulus-response compatibility (SRC) paradigm (Flanker). Methods: The drug abstainers and the control group completed the flanker task using colored faces with neutral expressions. Participants were required to identify whether the color of the central target face was the same as the color of the two flanking faces presented simultaneously with the target face. Results: Behavioral data showed that RTs of attending to the color incongruency were significantly longer than RTs of attending to the color congruency in all three groups, which indicated that the color SRC effect was significant. Electroencephalographic (EEG) results found that the color N200 effect was significant in all three frontal electrodes (Fz, FCz, Cz) for the control group after the 200-300 ms stimulus presentation. For the long-term group, the color N200 effect only appeared in electrodes Fz, FCz. Thus, the pattern of brain activation for the long-term group was similar, although not identical, compared to the control group. However, for the short-term group, the color N200 effect disappeared in all three electrodes. Conclusion: The results indicate that attentional control of addicts is impaired by long-terms of drug addiction. However, this damage can be recovered after four years withdrawal in the long-term group.

基金项目：

该研究得到北京市教育委员会共建项目建设计划资助（403101）、国家社科基金重大项目（11&ZD187）、尚善基金的资助和2015年度北京师范大学青年教师基金项目（310422102）资助

作者简介：

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