中国临床心理学杂志

Helping High School Students Make Decisions on Majors: A Series of Intervention Course in China

作者：DOU Ze-nan¹ ZUO Ya-jing¹ WANG Zhen¹ QIAO Zhi-hong¹ 2

单位：1 School of Psychology Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China
2. Beijing Key Laboratory of Applied Experimental Psychology School of Psychology Beijing Normal University Beijing 100875 China

关键词：Career interventions Major decision-making self-efficacy Major decision-making difficulty Cognitive information processing model

分类号：R395.5

出版年,卷(期):页码：2016,24(6):1132-1137

摘要：

根据一项对于中国大学生的调查，只有44%的新生对他们的专业表示满意。这可能是因为中国的高中生在选择专业时面临决策困难，他们缺乏和决策相关的知识技能。本研究使用认知信息加工理论（CIP）开展课程干预，考察干预对于学生自我效能感和决策困难的影响。使用对照组实验设计方法，对照组有172名高中生，实验组有118名高中生。所有数据都包含前测和后测两个时间点的数据。干预显著地提高了被试的专业决策自我效能感，减少了一部分专业决策困难。并且，学生的元认知在干预之后变得更积极。

According to a recent survey conducted in China,only 44% of freshmen are satisfied with their majors.The reason may be that Chinese high school students have difficulties in selecting majors due to their lack of specific knowledge of choosing majors.In order to improve the situation,this intervention course was based on Cognitive Information Processing(CIP) Theory and we analyzed the effects of this course from the aspects of self-efficacy and difficulty during major decision-making.We used a comparative experimental design that included a control group(172 high school students) and an intervention group(118 high school students).All data were measured at two stages in the present study that included the preand post-intervention stage.The intervention improved participants' level of major decision-making self-efficacy significantly,whereas decreased a dimension of major decision-making difficulty significantly.In addition,students' meta-cognition became more positive after the intervention.This study suggests that this career intervention course has significant effects on improving self-efficacy and reducing difficulty during major decision-making process for high school students.

基金项目：

国家社会科学基金项目“大学生就业能力的结构及其与就业结果的关系研究”（项目编号：11BRK019）

作者简介：

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