中国临床心理学杂志

有偿献血艾滋病感染者歧视的质性研究

单位：1. 北京师范大学发展心理研究所北京100875
2. 河南大学教育科学学院心理系河南开封475004
3. School of Medicine Wayne State University MI 48201 USA

关键词：PBDWH 歧视质性研究

分类号：R512.91

出版年,卷(期):页码：2011,19(1):85-88

摘要：

目的：探讨中国农村地区有偿献血艾滋病感染者(Paid Blood Donors with HIV/AIDS，PBDWH)面临的歧视表现特点、造成的影响和形成原因，以及如何减少歧视。采用半结构式访谈对5名PBDWH、8名包括干部、教师、医生和社区工作者等人员进行了访谈。对访谈内容进行了录音，然后转录成文字并对转录内容进行了分析。结果：①有PBDWH遭受到了来自周围人的歧视，歧视主要表现在被周围人拒绝和被社会隔离上；②歧视严重影响了PBD-WH对感染艾滋病事实的告知、日常生活、甚至导致一些PBDWH选择自杀；③歧视形成的原因上，除了艾滋病具有传染性外，PBDWH的贫穷、艾滋病症状也是重要原因。PBDWH受到了很大的歧视，增加对艾滋病的宣传可减少歧视。

Objective:Based on a qualitative study conducted in rural central China in 2005 -2006,this article exploredthe stigma against Paid Blood Donors with HIV/AIDS (PBDWH).Methods:With semi-structure interview guides,5PBDWH,8 social workers and leaders were interviewed.Results:Data analysis showed that,similar to HIV-infected individualsfrom other at-risk group (injection drug abusers,MSM,commercial sexual workers),PBDWH perceived great stigmafrom local community.Stigma manifestation included social isolation and rejection by villagers and relatives.The consequenceof the stigma resulted in no disclosure of their HIV status,re-deemed quality of daily life and even suicide.Thecauses of stigma against PBDWH mostly resulted from the contraction of HIV,poverty of PBDWH and AIDS symptoms,but not much moral judgment.Conclusion:PBDWH are stigmatized very much.To give wide publicity of HIV knowledgecan reduce stigma against the PBDWH.

基金项目：

美国国立卫生研究院资助项目(NIH，R01MH076488)；教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划(NCET-04-0147)；北京师范大学青年科学基金项目资助

作者简介：

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