中国临床心理学杂志

ADHD儿童的心理特征及冲动行为的影响因素

作者：耿耀国¹ 苏林雁² 王洪³

单位：1. 郑州大学教育学院心理学系河南郑州 450001
2. 中南大学湘雅二医院精神卫生研究所湖南长沙 410011
3. 中国人民解放军第 463 医院儿科

关键词：ADHD 儿童冲动行为影响因素

分类号：R395.2

出版年,卷(期):页码：2010,18(2):212-214

摘要：

目的：探索8～12岁注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的心理特征及冲动行为的影响因素。方法：70名ADHD儿童及126名健康儿童及其父母分别完成Barratt冲动行为量表、儿童焦虑性情绪障碍筛查表、儿童抑郁障碍自评量表、儿童社会期望量表、儿童青少年时间管理倾向量表和威斯康星卡片分类测验的评估。结果：①ADHD儿童比对照组有更多的冲动行为、焦虑、抑郁情绪；有较低的社会期望、时间管理能力(P＜0.05～0.01)；②ADHD儿童的冲动行为与焦虑情绪、抑郁情绪呈正相关(P＜0.05～0.01)；与社会期望、时间管理能力、WCST的非持续性错误数呈负相关(P＜0.05～0.01)；③社会期望、WCST的非持续性错误数和时间管理倾向总分对冲动行为有预测作用，可以解释冲动行为变异的47%。结论：ADHD儿童存在认知、情绪和行为缺陷，冲动行为与其认知、情绪和行为特点有关。

Objective: To explore psychological characteristics and influential factors of impulsivity of 8~12 years-old children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Methods: 70 children with ADHD and 126 controls and their parents were evaluated with BIS, SCARED, DSRSC, CSD, TMD and WCST. Results: ①Children with ADHD showed significantly more impulsivity, higher anxious mood and depressive mood, lower social desirability, and time management disposition （P<0.05~0.01 ）; ②Significantly positive correlation was found between impulsivity and anxious mood, depressive mood; Significantly negative correlation was found between impulsivity and social desirability, time management disposition, and non -persistence errors （P <0.05 ~0.01 ）; ③ Social desirability, non -persistence errors and the total score of time management disposition could predict the occurrence of impulsivity and explain about 47% variation of impulsivity. Conclusion: Impulsivity of children with ADHD is concerned with the characteristics of cognition, emotion and behavior.

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作者简介：

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