中国临床心理学杂志

农村留守儿童家庭功能与问题行为:自我控制的中介作用

作者：陈京军¹ 2 范兴华³ 程晓荣¹ 王水珍⁴

单位：1. 华中师范大学心理学院武汉 430079
2. 湖南科技大学教育学院湘潭 411201
3. 湖南第一师范学院教科系长沙 410205
4. 中南民族大学公共管理学院武汉 430074

分类号：R395.6

出版年,卷(期):页码：2014,22(2):319-323

摘要：

目的:探讨农村留守儿童家庭功能、自我控制、问题行为的特点及其之间的关系。方法:采用家庭功能评定量表(FAD)、简式自我控制量表、外倾问题行为问卷对321名农村留守儿童(研究组)和71名非留守儿童以及68名曾留守儿童(对照组)进行调查。结果:①留守及曾留守儿童家庭功能变量中的角色和总体功能,留守儿童家庭沟通、曾留守儿童家庭情感反应均显著低于非留守儿童,留守儿童问题行为显著高于曾留守儿童;②母亲在外打工儿童家庭情感反应、行为控制、家庭总体功能和儿童自我控制均显著高于父母均在外打工儿童家庭,父亲在外打工的家庭总体功能和儿童自我控制也显著高于父母都在外打工家庭;③控制留守类型和性别后,留守儿童家庭行为控制通过自我控制间接负向预测问题行为。结论:留守儿童的家庭功能有一定的弱化;自我控制在留守儿童家庭行为控制与问题行为间起完全中介作用。

Objective: To examine the characteristics of family function, self-control and problem behavior of left-behind children(LBC) and their relationships in rural areas of China. Methods: A sample of 460 schoolchildren including 321 LBC, 71 non-LBC and 68 ever-LBC completed the Family Assessment Device(FAD), Brief Self-control Scale and External Problem Behavior Questionnaire. Results: ①LBC and ever-LBC groups had significantly lower famlily roles and general function, Communication ability and affective responsiveness than non-LBC. LBC group had more severe Problem behavior than ever-LBC group. ②Affective responsiveness, behavior control, general function and self-control of children in mother-migrant family were significantly higher than those of parents-migrant family, and general function and self-control of children in father-migrant family were also significantly higher that those in parents-migrant family. ③Controlling for gender and type of LBC, behavior control had a indirect influence through self-control on the problem behavior. Conclusion: Parents(or one of parents) migration may weaken the family function of LBC, and self-control of LBC can mediate the effects of behavior control on external problem behavior.

基金项目：

2011教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(11YJA190004)

作者简介：

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