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目的:在完美主义的双重过程模型的理论框架下,考察不同完美主义维度对抑郁的预测作用。方法:采用方便取样,选取湖南省某高校的在校大学生206名,每位参加者被要求先后参加两次测试,两次测试时间间隔4个月。第一次测试选用Frost多维完美主义量表(FMPS)、Hewitt多维完美主义量表(HMPS)、近乎完美主义量表(APS-R)、贝克抑郁问卷(BDI)、Rosenberg自尊量表(SES)、自我效能感量表(GSES)、状态焦虑问卷(S-AI)和正性负性情绪量表(PANAS)。第二次测试选用贝克抑郁问卷(BDI)。结果:偏相关分析显示,适应不良完美主义与心理症状学指标显著正相关(Pr=0.36,0.46,0.58;P<0.001),而适应性完美主义与积极心理指标显著正相关(Pr=0.22,0.32,0.33;P<0.01)。横断面研究显示,适应不良完美主义中的差异性、社会决定完美主义因子能显著正向预测抑郁症状(β=0.372,P<0.001;β=0.264,P<0.01);适应性完美主义各因子均不能显著预测抑郁症状(P>0.05)。纵向研究结果显示,完美主义各因子均不能显著地预测4个月后抑郁水平的变化(P>0.05)。结论:本研究支持了完美主义的双重过程模型。适应不良完美主义中的差异性、社会决定完美主义因子能显著的正向预测抑郁水平。
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Objective: The dual model of perfectionism was adopted to explore the influence of different perfectionism dimensions on depression.Methods: A total of 206 undergraduate students were selected by convenient sampling and asked to complete the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism ScaleChinese Revised (FMPS), the Hewitt Multidimensional Perfectionism ScaleChinese Revised (HMPS), Almost Perfect ScaleChinese Revised (APSR), the Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), the Rosenberg selfesteem Scale(SES), the General SelfEfficacy Scale(GSES), the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) and the Positive and Negative Affection Scale(PANAS) (Time 1), and the Beck Depression Inventory four months later(Time 2).Results: Partial correlations analyses revealed that maladaptive perfectionism was related to psychopathology (Pr=0.36, 0.46, 0.58; P<0.001) whereas adaptive perfectionism was closely correlated with positive features of mental health (Pr=0.22, 0.32, 0.33; P<0.01).In crosssectional analyses, the discrepancy and the socialprescribed perfectionism subscales of maladaptive perfectionism could significantly predict baseline depressive symptoms ( β=0.372, P<0.001; β= 0.264, P<0.01), while none of adaptive perfectionism subscales could predict depression(P>0.05).In longitudinal analyses, none of perfectionism subscales significantly predicted the change in depression across a fourmonth lag (P>0.05).Conclusion: The results support the dual process model of perfectionism.The discrepancy and the social prescribed perfectionism subscales of maladaptive perfectionism can significantly predict depression.
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